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BPB1508 --- Crime contre l'humanité --- Turquie --- Arménie --- Misdaad tegen de menselijkheid --- Turkije --- Armenië --- Armėnija --- Arménia --- Arménsko --- An Airméin --- Armenien --- Јерменија --- Armenija --- Armēnija --- Αρμενία --- Ерменија --- l-Armenja --- Örményország --- Армения --- Armeenia --- Armenia --- Република Армения --- Armeenia Vabariik --- República de Armenia --- Republiek Armenië --- Republika e Armenisë --- Република Јерменија --- Δημοκρατία της Αρμενίας --- die Republik Armenien --- Armēnijas Republika --- Republika Armenija --- République d’Arménie --- República da Arménia --- ir-Repubblika tal-Armenja --- Arménska republika --- Arménská republika --- Örmény Köztársaság --- Republika Armenii --- Republikken Armenien --- Armenian tasavalta --- Republica Armenia --- Republiken Armenien --- Armėnijos Respublika --- Repubblica d’Armenia --- Republic of Armenia --- Република Ерменија --- Turquia --- Turcia --- Turkki --- Turkiet --- Turcija --- Turčija --- Turchia --- Τουρκία --- Турция --- An Tuirc --- Turquía --- Turkey --- Törökország --- Turkija --- Tyrkiet --- Турска --- Turecko --- it-Turkija --- Turska --- Турција --- Turqia --- die Türkei --- Türgi --- Turcja --- Republika Turcji --- Republika Turčija --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republiek Turkije --- République de Turquie --- Republika Turska --- Република Турска --- Török Köztársaság --- Türgi Vabariik --- República da Turquia --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Turkin tasavalta --- Republika e Turqisë --- Република Турција --- die Republik Türkei --- Turkijos Respublika --- Република Турция --- Turecká republika --- República de Turquía --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- Turcijas Republika --- Repubblica di Turchia --- Republic of Turkey --- ir-Repubblika tat-Turkija --- Republica Turcia --- zločin protiv čovječnosti --- zločin proti človečnosti --- crimen contra la humanidad --- noziegums pret cilvēci --- zbrodnia przeciwko ludzkości --- έγκλημα κατά της ανθρωπότητας --- krim kundër njerëzimit --- misdaad tegen de menselijkheid --- emberiség elleni bűncselekmény --- Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit --- crime împotriva umanității --- forbrydelse mod menneskeheden --- brott mot mänskligheten --- zločin proti ľudskosti --- crimine contro l'umanità --- crime contra a humanidade --- nusikaltimas žmogiškumui --- crime against humanity --- rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan --- trestný čin proti lidskosti --- reat kontra l-umanità --- inimsusvastane kuritegu --- престъпление против човечеството --- кривично дело против човештвото --- злочин против човечности --- coir in aghaidh an chine dhaonna --- a nemzetközi jog szerint bűncselekménynek minősülő cselekmény --- brott enligt internationell rätt --- zločin proti lidskosti --- rikos kansainvälisen oikeuden nojalla --- genocída --- folkmord --- crime de droit international --- zločin ve smyslu mezinárodního práva --- holokaust --- холокауст --- polttouhri --- genocide --- delito de Derecho internacional --- holocausto --- etnocidio --- геноцид --- tautos naikinimas --- genocidium --- emberiesség elleni bűncselekmény --- crime de direito internacional --- Holocaust --- genocīds --- delitto contro l'umanità --- folkeretlig forbrydelse --- zločin podľa medzinárodného práva --- népirtás --- kansanmurha --- γενοκτονία --- folkrättsbrott --- кривични дела против човечноста и меѓународното право --- holokauszt --- Verstoß gegen das Völkerrecht --- krim sipas të drejtës ndërkombëtare --- génocide --- genocidas --- genocídio --- nusikaltimas tarptautinei teisei --- злостор против човештвото --- holocauste --- genocida --- crimine di diritto internazionale --- holokausts --- genocídium --- Völkermord --- noziegums, kas paredzēts starptautiskajās tiesībās --- olocausto --- rahvusvahelise õiguse vastane kuritegu --- folkedrab --- crimen de lesa humanidad --- holocaust --- Ολοκαύτωμα --- crime under international law --- Förintelsen --- genotsiid --- misdaad tegen het internationaal recht --- воено злосторство против цивилното население --- genocidio --- genocid --- έγκλημα Διεθνούς Δικαίου --- holokaustas --- Republic of Türkiye --- Türkiye --- Arménie --- Crime contre l'humanité

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Statesmen --- World politics --- Diplomacy --- Hommes d'Etat --- Politique mondiale --- Diplomatie --- Biography --- History --- Biographies --- Histoire --- Metternich, Clemens Wenzel Lothar, --- Austria --- Turkey --- Middle East --- Autriche --- Turquie --- Moyen-Orient --- Foreign relations --- Relations extérieures --- Relations extérieures --- Statesman --- Metternich, Clemens Lothar Wenzel, --- Metternich-Winneburg, Clemens Lothar Wenzel, --- Metternich-Winneburg, Klemens, --- Metternich-Winneburg, Klemens Wenzel Lothar, --- Metternikh, --- Winneburg, Clemens Lothar Wenzel, --- Winneburg, Klemens Metternich-, --- Winneburg, Klemens Wenzel Lothar, --- מעטערניך, קלעמענס ווענצל נעפאמיק לוטהאר, --- Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turechchyna --- Tyrkia --- Osmanskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Tourkia --- TC --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- Vysokai︠a︡ Porta --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Turkiet --- T.C. (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) --- Republic of Turkey --- תורכיה --- Turkiyah --- Turkyah --- Tunkī --- République turque --- Tʻŏkʻi --- Anatolia --- Asia Minor --- Anatolie --- Republic of Türkiye --- Asia Minore --- Ottoman Empire --- Republik Türkei --- Tureuki --- Turkye --- Republiek van Turkye --- Türkei --- Turcland --- تركيا --- Turkiyā --- جمهورية التركية --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Turquía --- Republica de Turquía --- Turchia --- Tuykia --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turki --- Républik Turki --- Tȯrkiă --- Турцыя --- Turtsyi︠a︡ --- Турэцкая Рэспубліка --- Turėtskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Tiakei --- Torkėjė --- Turkia --- Republik Turkia --- Турция --- Република Турция --- Republika Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turska --- Republika Turska --- Tū-ī-gì --- Turecko --- Turecká republika --- Tëreckô --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Tẏrt︠s︡i --- Турци --- Turt︠s︡i --- Турци Республики --- Turt︠s︡i Respubliki --- Twrci --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Tyrkiet --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Turkojska --- Republika Turkojska --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Τουρκία --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Τουρκική Δημοκρατία --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Turchî --- Repóbblica d'l Turchî --- Turkio --- Turkujo --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Turquie (Repupblic) --- République de Turquie --- Turkije --- Tuirc --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Turkee --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Thú-ngí-khì --- 터키 --- 터키 공화국 --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tureke --- Turkowska --- Turcia --- Турк --- Turk --- Турчы Республикæ --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Tyrkland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Repubblica di Turchia --- טורקיה --- רפובליקה הטורקית --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Тюрк --- Ti︠u︡rk --- Тюрк Республика --- Ti︠u︡rk Respublika --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Turukiya --- Uturuki --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Tiki --- Tirkiye --- Komara Tirkiyeyê --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Tierkei --- Republik Tierkei --- Turkija --- Turkieë --- Törkieë --- Buturuki --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Törökország --- Török Köztársaság --- Турција --- Република Турција --- Republika Turcija --- Whenua Korukoru --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Туркамастор --- Turkamastor --- Туркань республиксь --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Republiek Turkije --- トルコ --- Toruko --- トルコ共和国 --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Turkii --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Turtchie --- Турций --- Turt︠s︡iĭ --- Тюркия --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ --- Тюркия Республика --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ Respublika --- Teki --- Törkie --- Turcja --- Republika Turcji --- República da Turquia --- Republica Turcia --- Republika Turkiya --- Turkya --- Turkiya Republika --- Турція --- Турецка Республіка --- Turet︠s︡ka Respublika --- Турецкая Республика --- Tu̇rkiĭė --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Turkäi --- Republik Turkäi --- Turqia --- Republika e Turqisë --- Thekhi --- Turcyjo --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turcyje --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Turkiyakondre --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- Турска --- Република Турска --- Turkki --- Turkin tasavalta --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Tturk --- Tagduda n Tturk --- Turchie --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Туреччина --- Турецька Республіка --- Republica de Turchia --- Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Cộng hoà Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Türkän --- Türgü --- Türgü Vabariik --- 土耳其 --- Tu'erqi --- Turkeye --- Republiek Turkeye --- Turkeya --- Tirki --- Republik bu Tirki --- טערקיי --- Ṭerḳay --- טערקישע רעפובליק --- Ṭerḳishe Republiḳ --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrkì --- Tırkiya --- 土耳其共和國 --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Ānātūlī --- Ao-ti-li --- Ostmark --- Alpen- und Donau-Reichsgaue --- al-Nimsā --- Ausztria --- Østrig --- Avusturya --- Österreich --- Avstrii︠a︡ --- Autriche (Republic) --- Rakousko --- Deutschösterreich --- German Austria --- Republik Österreich --- Austrian Republic --- Avstrija --- Republic of Austria --- オーストリア --- Ōsutoria --- אוסטריה --- Osṭriyah --- Austro-Hungarian Monarchy --- Holy Roman Empire --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Турций

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Turkey and Iran tend to be rivals rather than close partners, despite sharing certain economic and security interests. For instance, Turkey supports the opposition in Syria, while Iran supports the regime. Turkey is further concerned about a possible nuclear arms race in the Middle East. U.S. and Turkish interests in the region closely overlap, but the United States should not expect Turkey to follow its policy toward Iran unconditionally.

Iran -- Foreign relations -- Turkey. --- Middle East -- Strategic aspects. --- Turkey -- Foreign relations -- Iran. --- International relations. --- Iran --- Middle East --- Turkey --- Foreign relations --- Strategic aspects. --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turechchyna --- Tyrkia --- Osmanskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Tourkia --- TC --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- Vysokai︠a︡ Porta --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Turkiet --- T.C. (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) --- Republic of Turkey --- תורכיה --- Turkiyah --- Turkyah --- Tunkī --- République turque --- Tʻŏkʻi --- Anatolia --- Asia Minor --- Anatolie --- Republic of Türkiye --- Asia Minore --- Ottoman Empire --- Republik Türkei --- Tureuki --- Turkye --- Republiek van Turkye --- Türkei --- Turcland --- تركيا --- Turkiyā --- جمهورية التركية --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Turquía --- Republica de Turquía --- Turchia --- Tuykia --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turki --- Républik Turki --- Tȯrkiă --- Турцыя --- Turtsyi︠a︡ --- Турэцкая Рэспубліка --- Turėtskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Tiakei --- Torkėjė --- Turkia --- Republik Turkia --- Турция --- Република Турция --- Republika Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turska --- Republika Turska --- Tū-ī-gì --- Turecko --- Turecká republika --- Tëreckô --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Tẏrt︠s︡i --- Турци --- Turt︠s︡i --- Турци Республики --- Turt︠s︡i Respubliki --- Twrci --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Tyrkiet --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Turkojska --- Republika Turkojska --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Τουρκία --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Τουρκική Δημοκρατία --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Turchî --- Repóbblica d'l Turchî --- Turkio --- Turkujo --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Turquie (Repupblic) --- République de Turquie --- Turkije --- Tuirc --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Turkee --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Thú-ngí-khì --- 터키 --- 터키 공화국 --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tureke --- Turkowska --- Turcia --- Турк --- Turk --- Турчы Республикæ --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Tyrkland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Repubblica di Turchia --- טורקיה --- רפובליקה הטורקית --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Тюрк --- Ti︠u︡rk --- Тюрк Республика --- Ti︠u︡rk Respublika --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Turukiya --- Uturuki --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Tiki --- Tirkiye --- Komara Tirkiyeyê --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Tierkei --- Republik Tierkei --- Turkija --- Turkieë --- Törkieë --- Buturuki --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Törökország --- Török Köztársaság --- Турција --- Република Турција --- Republika Turcija --- Whenua Korukoru --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Туркамастор --- Turkamastor --- Туркань республиксь --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Republiek Turkije --- トルコ --- Toruko --- トルコ共和国 --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Turkii --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Turtchie --- Турций --- Turt︠s︡iĭ --- Тюркия --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ --- Тюркия Республика --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ Respublika --- Teki --- Törkie --- Turcja --- Republika Turcji --- República da Turquia --- Republica Turcia --- Republika Turkiya --- Turkya --- Turkiya Republika --- Турція --- Турецка Республіка --- Turet︠s︡ka Respublika --- Турецкая Республика --- Tu̇rkiĭė --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Turkäi --- Republik Turkäi --- Turqia --- Republika e Turqisë --- Thekhi --- Turcyjo --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turcyje --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Turkiyakondre --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- Турска --- Република Турска --- Turkki --- Turkin tasavalta --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Tturk --- Tagduda n Tturk --- Turchie --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Туреччина --- Турецька Республіка --- Republica de Turchia --- Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Cộng hoà Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Türkän --- Türgü --- Türgü Vabariik --- 土耳其 --- Tu'erqi --- Turkeye --- Republiek Turkeye --- Turkeya --- Tirki --- Republik bu Tirki --- טערקיי --- Ṭerḳay --- טערקישע רעפובליק --- Ṭerḳishe Republiḳ --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrkì --- Tırkiya --- 土耳其共和國 --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Ānātūlī --- República Islâmica do Irã --- Irã --- Persia --- Northern Tier --- Islamic Republic of Iran --- Jumhūrī-i Islāmī-i Īrān --- I-lang --- Paras-Iran --- Paras --- Persia-Iran --- I.R.A. --- Islamische Republik Iran --- Islamskai︠a︡ Respublika Iran --- I.R.I. --- IRI --- ايران --- جمهورى اسلامى ايران --- Êran --- Komarî Îslamî Êran --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Турций

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The Ottomans ruled much of the Arab World for four centuries. Bruce Masters's work surveys this period, emphasizing the cultural and social changes that occurred against the backdrop of the political realities that Arabs experienced as subjects of the Ottoman sultans. The persistence of Ottoman rule over a vast area for several centuries required that some Arabs collaborate in the imperial enterprise. Masters highlights the role of two social classes that made the empire successful: the Sunni Muslim religious scholars, the ulama, and the urban notables, the acyan. Both groups identified with the Ottoman sultanate and were its firmest backers, although for different reasons. The ulama legitimated the Ottoman state as a righteous Muslim sultanate, while the acyan emerged as the dominant political and economic class in most Arab cities due to their connections to the regime. Together, the two helped to maintain the empire.

History of Asia --- History of Southern Europe --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1910-1919 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Turkey --- Arab States --- Arab states --- Arabs --- Ulama --- Elite (Social sciences) --- Social change --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social history --- Social evolution --- Elites (Social sciences) --- Leadership --- Power (Social sciences) --- Social classes --- Social groups --- Ulema --- Islam --- Muslim scholars --- Ethnology --- Semites --- History. --- Functionaries --- Anatolia --- Anatolie --- Ānātūlī --- Asia Minor --- Asia Minore --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Buturuki --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Komara Tirkiyeyê --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrkì --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Osmanskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Ottoman Empire --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Repóbblica d'l Turchî --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Repubblica di Turchia --- Republic of Turkey --- Republic of Türkiye --- República da Turquia --- Republica de Turchia --- Republica de Turquía --- Republica Turcia --- Republiek Turkeye --- Republiek Turkije --- Republiek van Turkye --- Republik bu Tirki --- Republik Tierkei --- Republik Turkäi --- Republik Türkei --- Républik Turki --- Republik Turkia --- Republika e Turqisë --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Republika Turcija --- Republika Turcji --- Republika Turcyje --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turkiya --- Republika Turkojska --- Republika Turska --- Republika Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- République de Turquie --- République turque --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- T.C. (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) --- Tagduda n Tturk --- TC --- Teki --- Tëreckô --- Ṭerḳay --- Ṭerḳishe Republiḳ --- Thekhi --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Thú-ngí-khì --- Tiakei --- Tierkei --- Tiki --- Tirki --- Tırkiya --- Tirkiye --- Ti︠u︡rk --- Ti︠u︡rk Respublika --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ Respublika --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Tʻŏkʻi --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Torkėjė --- Tȯrkiă --- Törkie --- Törkieë --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Török Köztársaság --- Törökország --- Toruko --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Tourkia --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Tturk --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Tū-ī-gì --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Tu'erqi --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tuirc --- Tunkī --- Turchî --- Turchia --- Turchie --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Turcia --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Turcja --- Turcland --- Turcyjo --- Turechchyna --- Turecká republika --- Turecko --- Tureke --- Turet︠s︡ka Respublika --- Turėtskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Tureuki --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Türgü --- Türgü Vabariik --- Turk --- Turkäi --- Turkaland --- Turkamastor --- Türkän --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Turkee --- Türkei --- Turkeya --- Turkeye --- Turki --- Turkia --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkieë --- Turkiet --- Turkii --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Tu̇rkiĭė --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Turkija --- Turkije --- Turkin tasavalta --- Turkio --- Turkiyā --- Turkiya Republika --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turkiyah --- Turkiyakondre --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Turkki --- Turkojska --- Turkowska --- Turkujo --- Turkya --- Turkyah --- Turkye --- Turqia --- Turquía --- Turquie (Repupblic) --- Turska --- Turtchie --- Turt︠s︡i --- Turt︠s︡i Respubliki --- Turt︠s︡iĭ --- Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turtsyi︠a︡ --- Turukiya --- Tuykia --- Twrci --- Tyrkia --- Tyrkiet --- Tyrkland --- Tẏrt︠s︡i --- Uturuki --- Vysokai︠a︡ Porta --- Whenua Korukoru --- Τουρκική Δημοκρατία --- Τουρκία --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Република Турска --- Република Турция --- Република Турција --- Турска --- Турцыя --- Турци --- Турци Республики --- Турция --- Турција --- Турций --- Турція --- Турчы Республикæ --- Турэцкая Рэспубліка --- Турк --- Туркань республиксь --- Туркамастор --- Турецька Республіка --- Турецка Республіка --- Турецкая Республика --- Туреччина --- Тюрк --- Тюрк Республика --- Тюркия --- Тюркия Республика --- רפובליקה הטורקית --- תורכיה --- טערקישע רעפובליק --- טערקיי --- טורקיה --- تركيا --- جمهورية التركية --- トルコ --- トルコ共和国 --- 土耳其 --- 土耳其共和國 --- 터키 --- 터키 공화국 --- History --- Intellectual life. --- Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918 --- Arts and Humanities

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Using a plethora of hitherto unused and under-utilized sources from the Ottoman, British and Iranian archives, Ottoman-Iranian Borderlands traces seven decades of intermittent work by Russian, British, Ottoman and Iranian technical and diplomatic teams to turn an ill-defined and highly porous area into an internationally recognized boundary. By examining the process of boundary negotiation by the international commissioners and their interactions with the borderland peoples they encountered, the book tells the story of how the Muslim world's oldest borderland was transformed into a bordered land. It details how the borderland peoples, whose habitat straddled the frontier, responded to those processes as well as to the ideas and institutions that accompanied their implementation. It shows that the making of the boundary played a significant role in shaping Ottoman-Iranian relations and in the identity and citizenship choices of the borderland peoples.

History of Asia --- anno 1910-1919 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Iran --- Turkey --- Foreign relations --- Boundaries --- República Islâmica do Irã --- Irã --- Persia --- Northern Tier --- Islamic Republic of Iran --- Jumhūrī-i Islāmī-i Īrān --- I-lang --- Paras-Iran --- Paras --- Persia-Iran --- I.R.A. --- Islamische Republik Iran --- Islamskai︠a︡ Respublika Iran --- I.R.I. --- IRI --- ايران --- جمهورى اسلامى ايران --- Êran --- Komarî Îslamî Êran --- Anatolia --- Anatolie --- Ānātūlī --- Asia Minor --- Asia Minore --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Buturuki --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Komara Tirkiyeyê --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrkì --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Osmanskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Ottoman Empire --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Repóbblica d'l Turchî --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Repubblica di Turchia --- Republic of Turkey --- Republic of Türkiye --- República da Turquia --- Republica de Turchia --- Republica de Turquía --- Republica Turcia --- Republiek Turkeye --- Republiek Turkije --- Republiek van Turkye --- Republik bu Tirki --- Republik Tierkei --- Republik Turkäi --- Republik Türkei --- Républik Turki --- Republik Turkia --- Republika e Turqisë --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Republika Turcija --- Republika Turcji --- Republika Turcyje --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turkiya --- Republika Turkojska --- Republika Turska --- Republika Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- République de Turquie --- République turque --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- T.C. (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) --- Tagduda n Tturk --- TC --- Teki --- Tëreckô --- Ṭerḳay --- Ṭerḳishe Republiḳ --- Thekhi --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Thú-ngí-khì --- Tiakei --- Tierkei --- Tiki --- Tirki --- Tırkiya --- Tirkiye --- Ti︠u︡rk --- Ti︠u︡rk Respublika --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ Respublika --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Tʻŏkʻi --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Torkėjė --- Tȯrkiă --- Törkie --- Törkieë --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Török Köztársaság --- Törökország --- Toruko --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Tourkia --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Tturk --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Tū-ī-gì --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Tu'erqi --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tuirc --- Tunkī --- Turchî --- Turchia --- Turchie --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Turcia --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Turcja --- Turcland --- Turcyjo --- Turechchyna --- Turecká republika --- Turecko --- Tureke --- Turet︠s︡ka Respublika --- Turėtskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Tureuki --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Türgü --- Türgü Vabariik --- Turk --- Turkäi --- Turkaland --- Turkamastor --- Türkän --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Turkee --- Türkei --- Turkeya --- Turkeye --- Turki --- Turkia --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkieë --- Turkiet --- Turkii --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Tu̇rkiĭė --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Turkija --- Turkije --- Turkin tasavalta --- Turkio --- Turkiyā --- Turkiya Republika --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turkiyah --- Turkiyakondre --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Turkki --- Turkojska --- Turkowska --- Turkujo --- Turkya --- Turkyah --- Turkye --- Turqia --- Turquía --- Turquie (Repupblic) --- Turska --- Turtchie --- Turt︠s︡i --- Turt︠s︡i Respubliki --- Turt︠s︡iĭ --- Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turtsyi︠a︡ --- Turukiya --- Tuykia --- Twrci --- Tyrkia --- Tyrkiet --- Tyrkland --- Tẏrt︠s︡i --- Uturuki --- Vysokai︠a︡ Porta --- Whenua Korukoru --- Τουρκική Δημοκρατία --- Τουρκία --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Република Турска --- Република Турция --- Република Турција --- Турска --- Турцыя --- Турци --- Турци Республики --- Турция --- Турција --- Турций --- Турція --- Турчы Республикæ --- Турэцкая Рэспубліка --- Турк --- Туркань республиксь --- Туркамастор --- Турецька Республіка --- Турецка Республіка --- Турецкая Республика --- Туреччина --- Тюрк --- Тюрк Республика --- Тюркия --- Тюркия Республика --- רפובליקה הטורקית --- תורכיה --- טערקישע רעפובליק --- טערקיי --- טורקיה --- تركيا --- جمهورية التركية --- トルコ --- トルコ共和国 --- 土耳其 --- 土耳其共和國 --- 터키 --- 터키 공화국 --- Arts and Humanities --- History --- Iran - Foreign relations - Turkey --- Turkey - Boundaries - Iran --- Iran - Boundaries - Turkey --- Turkey - Foreign relations - Iran